Screening Methods

Mammography

X-ray imaging of the breast used to detect early signs of breast cancer. Recommended annually for women over 40.

Key Features:

  • Detects tumors before they can be felt
  • Can identify microcalcifications
  • Low-dose radiation exposure
  • Digital and 3D options available

Clinical Breast Exam

Physical examination performed by healthcare professionals to check for lumps and other abnormalities.

Key Features:

  • No radiation exposure
  • Can detect palpable masses
  • Assesses lymph nodes
  • Part of routine check-ups

Self-Examination

Monthly self-check performed by individuals to become familiar with their breast tissue and detect changes.

Key Features:

  • Free and accessible
  • Promotes breast awareness
  • Should be done monthly
  • Not a substitute for medical screening

Advanced Diagnostic Methods

MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of breast tissue.

When Used:

  • High-risk patients
  • Dense breast tissue
  • Pre-surgical planning
  • Monitoring treatment response

Ultrasound

Uses sound waves to create images of breast tissue, often used as a follow-up to mammography.

Advantages:

  • No radiation exposure
  • Distinguishes cysts from solid masses
  • Guides biopsy procedures
  • Safe during pregnancy

Nuclear Medicine Imaging

Includes PET scans and bone scans to detect cancer spread and assess treatment response.

Applications:

  • Staging of cancer
  • Detecting metastases
  • Treatment monitoring
  • Recurrence detection

Biopsy Procedures

Fine Needle Aspiration (FNA)

Uses a thin needle to extract cells from suspicious areas for microscopic examination.

15-30 minutes Minimal recovery

Core Needle Biopsy

Removes a small cylinder of tissue using a larger needle for more detailed analysis.

30-60 minutes 1-2 days recovery

Surgical Biopsy

Removes part or all of a suspicious area for comprehensive pathological examination.

1-2 hours 1-2 weeks recovery

Test Your Knowledge

Question 1 of 5

What is the recommended age to start annual mammography screening for most women?